Study-unit ENVIRONMENTAL APPLIED PHYSICS
| Course name | Building engineering and architecture |
|---|---|
| Study-unit Code | A001129 |
| Curriculum | Comune a tutti i curricula |
| Lecturer | Anna Laura Pisello |
| CFU | 12 |
| Course Regulation | Coorte 2022 |
| Supplied | 2024/25 |
| Supplied other course regulation | |
| Type of study-unit | Opzionale (Optional) |
| Type of learning activities | Attività formativa integrata |
| Partition |
APPLIED PHYSICS
| Code | A001130 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Lecturer | Anna Laura Pisello |
| Lecturers |
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| Hours |
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| Learning activities | Base |
| Area | Discipline fisico-tecniche ed impiantistiche per l'architettura |
| Sector | ING-IND/11 |
| Type of study-unit | Opzionale (Optional) |
| Language of instruction | Italian (available teaching material in English if needed by international students) |
| Contents | Knowledge and technical-quantitative capacity on the following topics: Energy, energy transfer and energy analysis. Pure substances. Closed systems. Control volumes and mass conservation. Second law of thermodynamics. Entropy. Mixtures of gas and steam, atmospheric air. Heat transmission: conduction, convection and radiation. |
| Reference texts | Notes curated by the lecturer and freely distributed to scholars, plus integration in the book Fisica tecnica ambientale, con elementi di Acustica e illuminotecnica – McGrawHill – Y. Cengel, G. Dall’ò, L. Sarto |
| Educational objectives | Knowledge and technical-quantitative capacity on the following topics: Energy, energy transfer and energy analysis. Pure substances. Closed systems. Control volumes and mass conservation. Second law of thermodynamics. Entropy. Mixtures of gas and steam, atmospheric air. Heat transmission: conduction, convection and radiation. |
| Prerequisites | Basic knowledge of maths and classic physics. |
| Teaching methods | Class lessons and exercises for applied problems |
| Other information | Availability of the lecturer by email and by appointment (on Teams or in person) |
| Learning verification modality | Written and oral exam. Application laboratory to be performed in groups. |
| Extended program | 1. Thermodynamics: Basic concepts and definitions. 2. The First Principle of Thermodynamics. 3. The Second Principle of Thermodynamics. Reversible and irreversible processes. 4. Open Systems (mass balance, energy, entropy). 5. Single-component simple systems and diagram (p, v). Liquids. 6. Saturated vapors. 7. Overheated vapors. 8. Ideal gases. 9. Real gases. 10. Thermodynamic diagrams (T, s), (h, s), (ph) and (T, h). 11. Steam power cycles. Refrigerator cycle. 12. Motion of compressible fluids. 15. Gas mixtures. 16. Perfect gas mixtures. 17. Foundations of psychrometry. 18. Heat exchange by conduction. Fourier's law. Fourier equation. 19. The heat exchange by convection. Natural convection. Forced convection. 20. Radiative heat exchange. 21. The global heat transfer coefficient. 22. The heat exchangers. The average logarithmic temperature. 23. Thermohygrometric comfort: thermohygrometric balance of the human body; the indices of comfort (direct, derivative and empirical). 24. Causes of local discomfort. 25. Comfort diagrams and normative references. 26. Indoor air quality: main pollutants; sick building syndrome; filtration systems. |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | The program aligns with various goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development through a series of fundamental topics: Thermodynamics and Quality Education Understanding the basic concepts and definitions of thermodynamics (Goal 4: Quality Education) is essential for providing a solid educational foundation in science and engineering, preparing students to contribute to innovative and sustainable solutions. Energy and Efficiency Teaching the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, including the study of reversible and irreversible processes and the management of open systems with mass, energy, and entropy balances (Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy, Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), is crucial for improving energy efficiency and developing sustainable technologies. Water Resource Management and Energy Cycles Understanding single-component systems, (p,v) diagrams, and the behavior of liquids and vapors (Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy) supports sustainable water resource management and the optimization of power and refrigeration cycles, which are essential for efficient energy generation and cooling. Gas Modeling and Climate Change Analyzing ideal and real gases and gas mixtures (Goal 13: Climate Action) contributes to the modeling of atmospheric processes and the development of strategies to mitigate pollutant emissions. Optimization of Energy Processes Using thermodynamic diagrams and teaching the motion of compressible fluids (Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) are essential tools for analyzing and optimizing energy and industrial processes, improving efficiency, and reducing environmental impact. Heat Transfer and Energy Sustainability Studying heat transfer by conduction, convection, and radiation, including heat transfer coefficients and the use of heat exchangers (Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy), is fundamental for developing efficient energy management technologies and reducing energy consumption in industrial processes. Well-being and Environmental Quality Analyzing the thermal-hygrometric well-being of the human body, the causes of local discomfort, well-being diagrams, regulatory references, and indoor air quality and major pollutants (Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being, Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities) is essential for ensuring optimal environmental conditions, improving quality of life, and preventing diseases associated with inadequate environmental conditions. In summary, the thermodynamics program addresses a wide range of topics that are directly or indirectly related to many of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, significantly contributing to promoting clean energy, energy efficiency, industrial innovation, sustainable resource management, and human well-being. |
MICROCLIMATE, LIGHTING SYSTEMS AND ACOUSTICS
| Code | A001131 |
|---|---|
| CFU | 6 |
| Lecturer | Anna Laura Pisello |
| Lecturers |
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| Hours |
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| Learning activities | Affine/integrativa |
| Area | Attività formative affini o integrative |
| Sector | ING-IND/11 |
| Type of study-unit | Opzionale (Optional) |
| Language of instruction | Italian |
| Contents | URBAN MICROCLIMATE. URBAN HEAT ISLAND AND ITS MITIGATION. ACOUSTIC COMFORT AND ACOUSTIC DESIGN. LIGHTING COMFORT AND LIGHTING DESIGN. |
| Reference texts | Notes curated by the lecturer and freely distributed to scholars, plus integration in the book Environmental applied physics, with elements of acoustics and lighting – McGrawHill – Y. Cengel, G. Dall’ò, L. Sarto. (in Italian, Fisica tecnica ambientale, con elementi di Acustica e illuminotecnica – McGrawHill – Y. Cengel, G. Dall’ò, L. Sarto) Elements of acoustics and lighting - Paola Ricciardi – McGrow-Hill, 2009. (in Italian, Elementi di acustica e illuminotecnica - Paola Ricciardi – McGrow-Hill, 2009.) |
| Educational objectives | The student will be called to know the main design techniques at the service of civil construction, based on a human-centric approach considering the occupant of the building in terms of multiphysical environmental comfort and well-being. Knowledge of the problems inherent in noise, light and atmospheric pollution and their effects on the urban microclimate. Acquisition of basic knowledge on lighting and acoustics applied with reference to design methodologies, lighting systems and systems for noise control in living and working environments. |
| Prerequisites | Basic knowledge of mathematics and physics. Basics of applied physics |
| Teaching methods | Frontal lesson, practical exercises, application laboratory and project. |
| Other information | - |
| Learning verification modality | Written and oral exam (with the possibility of partial written exemption), Delivery of project documents and critical discussion. |
| Extended program | MICROCLIMATE. The microclimate in urban areas. Atmospheric boundary layer structure and turbulence. Radiative heat balance of the earth's surface. Interactions between soil and atmosphere in urban areas. Logarithmic profile of the wind. Atmospheric stability models. Urban heat island. Causes of the urban heat island. Characteristics and consequences of the heat island. Heat island mitigation: influence of vegetation and materials used in the built environment. Energy impact of the heat island. Effects of urban heating on human comfort. LIGHTING. The electromagnetic spectrum and light. Human vision: phenomena related to light and its perception. The visibility curves. Fundamental photometric and radiometric quantities. Light-matter interaction: reflection coefficient and luminance coefficient. Colorimetry: color classification methods according to color spaces. Measurement of photometric, radiometric and colorimetric quantities. Light sources. Lighting systems. Luminaires. The utilization factor. Calculation methods for lighting systems. Interior lighting: main regulatory requirements, systems and methods for checking performance. Street lighting: current regulatory requirements and methods for verifying performance. ACOUSTIC. Sound and main acoustic properties. Sound wave propagation laws. Sound pressure levels. Psychophysical Acoustic spectral analysis. Equivalent sound level. Measuring instruments. Acoustic properties of materials and noise control. Sound absorbing materials and structures. Sound propagation indoors. Analysis of the acoustic behavior of closed environments. Passive acoustic requirements of buildings. Noise assessment in the workplace. Outdoor noise pollution. Outdoor noise propagation. Acoustic barriers and noise attenuation mechanisms. Noise detection techniques. Control and noise protection interventions |
| Obiettivi Agenda 2030 per lo sviluppo sostenibile | The course on Microclimate, Lighting Technology and Acoustics is closely linked to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3, 11, and 13 through its educational content. SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being The course examines the impact of urban heating and noise pollution on health, providing tools to improve thermal comfort and reduce noise, both crucial for human well-being. SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities It explores the causes and solutions for urban heat islands and addresses efficient urban lighting, enhancing quality of life and safety in cities while promoting energy efficiency. SDG 13: Climate Action The course studies the thermal balance of the Earth's surface and heat island mitigation strategies, contributing to the reduction of urban temperatures and energy consumption. Additionally, managing noise pollution helps decrease greenhouse gas emissions. The course provides essential knowledge to tackle the challenges of SDGs 3, 11, and 13, preparing participants to contribute to building healthier, more sustainable, and resilient cities. |